Wednesday, May 26, 2010

Happy Narasimha Chardurthi

Narasimha also spelt as Narasingh and Narasinga, is an avatara of Vishnu described in the Puranas, Upanishads and other ancient religious texts of Hinduism, and one of Hinduism's most popular deities, as evidenced in early epics, iconography, and temple and festival worship for over a millennium. He is often visualized as half-man/half-lion, having a human-like torso and lower body, with a lion-like face and claws. This image is widely worshiped in deity form by a significant number of Vaishnava groups, particularly in Southern India. He is known primarily as the 'Great Protector' who specifically defends and protects his devotees in times of need.




The Story of Narasimha

The story of Narasimha as described in the Bhagavata Purana is as follows: In his previous avatara of Varaha, Vishnu killed a rakshasa known as Hiranyaksha. Hiranyaksha's brother Hiranyakashipu, greatly angered by this, started to abhor Vishnu and his followers. To which end he decides to attempt to kill Vishnu by gaining mystical powers, which he believes Brahma, the chief among the devas will award him if he undergoes many years of great austerity and penance. This initially seems to work as planned with Brahma becoming pleased by Hiranyakashipu's austerities. Brahma thus appears before Hiranyakashipu and offers him a boon that he will personally make true anything he wishes for. In reply to which Hiranyakashipu requests the following:

O my lord, O best of the givers of benediction, if you will kindly grant me the benediction I desire, please let me not meet death from any of the living entities created by you. Grant me that I not die within any residence or outside any residence, during the daytime or at night, nor on the ground or in the sky. Grant me that my death not be brought about by any weapon, nor by any human being or animal.

Grant me that I not meet death from any entity, living or nonliving. Grant me, further, that I not be killed by any demigod or demon or by any great snake from the lower planets. Since no one can kill you in the battlefield, you have no competitor. Therefore, grant me the benediction that I too may have no rival. Give me sole lordship over all the living entities and presiding deities, and give me all the glories obtained by that position. Furthermore, give me all the mystic powers attained by long austerities and the practice of yoga, for these cannot be lost at any time.

One day while Hiranyakashipu was performing austerities at Mandaracala Mountain, his home was attacked by Indra and the other devas. At this point the divine sage, Narada intervened to protect Kayadu, whom he describes as 'sinless'. Following this event Narada takes Kayadu into his care and while under the guidance of Narada, her unborn child (Hiranyakashipu's son) Prahlada, became affected by the transcendental instructions of the sage even at such a young stage of development. Thus, Prahlada when later growing as a child began to show symptoms of this earlier training by Narada, gradually becoming recognised as a devoted follower of Vishnu, much to his father's disappointment.


Hiranyakashipu eventually becomes so angry and upset at his son's devotion to Vishnu (whom he sees as his mortal enemy) that he decides he must kill him, but each time he attempts to kill the boy, Prahlada is protected by Vishnu's mystical power. When asked, Prahlada refuses to acknowledge his father as the supreme lord of the universe and claims that Vishnu is all-pervading and omnipresent. To which Hiranyakashipu points to a nearby pillar and asks if 'his Vishnu' is in it:

"O most unfortunate Prahlada, you have always described a supreme being other than me, a supreme being who is above everything, who is the controller of everyone, and who is all-pervading. But where is He? If He is everywhere, then why is He not present before me in this pillar?" Prahlada then answers, He was, He is and He will be. In an alternate version of the story, Prahlada answers He is in pillars, and he is in the smallest twig. Hiranyakashipu, unable to control his anger, smashes the pillar with his mace, and then following a tumultuous sound, Vishnu in the form of Narasimha appears from it and in defence of Prahlada moves to attack his father. In order to kill Hiranyakashipu and not upset the boon given by Brahma, the form of Narasimha was chosen. Hiranyakashipu could not be killed by human, deva or animal, Narasimha is neither one of these, as he is a form of Vishnu incarnate as a part-human, part-animal.

He comes upon Hiranyakashipu at twilight (when it is neither day nor night) on the threshold of a courtyard (neither indoors nor out), and puts the demon on his thighs (neither earth nor space). Using his sharp fingernails (neither animate nor inanimate) as weapons, he disembowels and kills the demon. Kurma Purana describes the preceding battle between the Purusha and demoniac forces in which he escapes powerful weapon called, pashupata and it describes how Prahladas brothers headed by Anuhrada and thousands of other demons "were led to the valley of death (yamalayam) by the lion produced from the body of man-lion" avatara.p.85: K.P.1.15.70 The same episode occurs in the Matshya Purana 179, several chapters after its version of the Narasimha advent.





The Bhagavata Purana further narrates: even after killing Hiranyakashipu none of the present demigods were able to calm Narasimha's fury, not even Shiva. So all the gods and goddesses called his consort, Lakshmi, but she was also unable to do so. Then, at the request of Brahma, Prahlada was presented to Narasimha, and finally,
he was calmed by the prayers of his devotee. Before parting, Narasimha rewards the wise Prahlada by crowning him as the king.p.84

In the Shiva Purana, there is a distinctly Shaiva version of a traditional avatar myth:
Shiva brings forth Virabhadra, one of his terrifying forms, in order to calm Narasimha. When that fails, Shiva manifests as the human-lion-bird Sharabha. The story concludes with Narasimha becoming a devotee of Shiva after being bound by Sharabha. The Sharabha story is also retold in the Linga Purana. However, Vaishnava followers including Dvaita scholars, such as Vijayindra Tirtha (1539-95) dispute this view of Narasimha based on their reading of Sattvika Puranas and Śruti texts.

Based on this story, it is believed by followers that Narasimha protects his sincere devotees when they are in extreme danger. He saved Adi Sankara from being sacrificed to the goddess Kali by a Kapalika. Thus Adi Sankara composed the powerful Laksmi-Narasimha stotra.

Mode of worship

Due to the nature of Narasimha's form (divine anger), it is essential that worship be given with a very high level of attention compared to other deities. In many temples 



only life-long celibates (brahmacarya) will be able to have the chance to serve as priests to perform the daily puja. Forms where Narasimha appears sitting in a yogic posture, or with the goddess Lakshmi are the exception to this rule, as Narasimha is taken as being more relaxed in both of these instances compared to his form when first emerging from the pillar to protect Prahlada.






SRI NARASIMHA ASHTOTHRAM



Om Narasimhaya Namah 
Om Mahasimhaya Namah 
Om Divyasamhaya Namah 
Om Mahabalaaya Namah 
Om Ugrasimhaya Namah 
Om Mahadevaaya Namah 
Om Sthambha-jaaya Namah 
Om Ugralochanaaya Namah 
Om Raodraya Namah 
Om Sarwa-adbhutaaya Namah 
Om Srimad yogaanandaaya Namah 
Om Trivikramaaya Namah 
Om Haraye Namah 
Om Kolaahalaaya Namah 
Om Chakrine Namah 
Om Vijayaaya Namah 
Om Jayavardhanaaya Namah 
Om Pamchanaaya Namah 
Om Parabramhane Namah 
Om Aghoraaya Namah 
Om Gora-vikramaya Namah 
Om Jwalanmukhaya Namah 
Om Jvalaa maaline Namah 
Om Mahajvalaaya Namah 
Om Maha prabhave Namah 
Om Nitalaakshaya Namah 
Om Saha-srakashaya Namah 
Om Durni-rikshaya Namah 
Om Prataapanaaya Namah 
Om Mahadamstrayudhaya Namah 
Om Pragnyaya Namah 
Om Chanda kopine Namah 
Om Sadaasivaaya Namah 
Om Hiranyakasipu dwamsine Namah 
Om Daityadaanava bhamjanaaya Namah 
Om Guna bhadraya Namah 
Om Maha bhadtraya Namah 
Om Bala bhadhraya Namah 
Om Subhadragaaya Namah 
Om Karaalaaya Namah 
Om Vikaraalaya Namah 
Om Vikarte Namah 
Om Sarwakartrukaya Namah 
Om Shimshumaaraaya Namah 
Om Trilokaatmane Namah 
Om Eshaaya Namah 
Om Sarveshvaraaya Namah 
Om Vibhave Namah 
Om Bhairavaadambaraaya Namah
Om Divyaya Namah 
Om Achyutaaya Namah 
Om Kavaye Namah 
Om Maadavaaya Namah 
Om Adokshaya Namah 
Om Aksharaaya Namah 
Om Sharvaya Namah 
Om Vanamaaline Namah 
Om Parapradaaya Namah 
Om Vishwam-bharaaya Namah 
Om Adbhutaaya Namah 
Om Bhavyaya Namah 
Om Sri vishnave Namah 
Om Purushottamaaya Namah 
Om Anaghastraya Namah 
Om Nakhastraya Namah 
Om Suryajothishe Namah 
Om Sureshwaraaya Namah 
Om Saha sabrahave Namah 
Om Sarvagnyaya Namah 
Om Sarvasiddi pradaayakaaya Namah 
Om Vajradamstraya Namah 
Om Vajrakhaya Namah 
Om Mahanamdaaya Namah 
Om Paramtapaaya Namah 
Om Sarvamaothreka rupaaya Namah 
Om Sarvayantra-vidaranaya Namah 
Om Sarvatam-tratmakaaya Namah 
Om Avyaktaya Namah 
Om Suvyaktaya Namah 
Om Bhakthavatsalaaya Namah 
Om Vaishaakha shukla bhutottaya Namah 
Om Sharanagata vatsalaaya Namah 
Om Udaarakirthiye Namah 
Om Punyatmane Namah 
Om Mahatmane Namah 
Om Chanda vikramaaya Namah 
Om Vedattraya prapujyaya Namah 
Om Bhagavate Namah 
Om Parameswaraaya Namah 
Om Sri vatssmkaaya Namah 
Om Srinivaasaya Namah 
Om Jagadvyapine Namah 
Om Jaganmayaaya Namah 
Om Jagatpalaaya Namah 
Om Jagannadaya Namah 
Om Mahakaayaya Namah 
Om Dviroopa-brute Namah 
Om Paramatmane Namah 
Om Paramjyotishye Namah 
Om Nirgunaaya Namah 
Om Nru kesarine Namah 
Om Parathatvaya Namah
Om Paramdhamane Namah 
Om Sachitananda vigrahaya Namah 
Om Lakshminarasimhaya Namah 
Om Sarvatmane Namah 
Om Dheeraya Namah 
Om Prahaladha palakaya Namah

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